CF424C Magic Formulas

Description

People in the Tomskaya region like magic formulas very much. You can see some of them below. Imagine you are given a sequence of positive integer numbers $ p_{1} $ , $ p_{2} $ , ..., $ p_{n} $ . Lets write down some magic formulas: ![](https://cdn.luogu.com.cn/upload/vjudge_pic/CF424C/bc5cfed2fc930604306d4050665204f7083b9e3e.png)![](https://cdn.luogu.com.cn/upload/vjudge_pic/CF424C/7e1ac84d84d4d0097a495218327d72c2379cae8d.png)Here, "mod" means the operation of taking the residue after dividing. The expression ![](https://cdn.luogu.com.cn/upload/vjudge_pic/CF424C/a0b0fe9e9428287337c0277ea02ca07fcf0a01a7.png) means applying the bitwise $ xor $ (excluding "OR") operation to integers $ x $ and $ y $ . The given operation exists in all modern programming languages. For example, in languages C++ and Java it is represented by "^", in Pascal — by "xor". People in the Tomskaya region like magic formulas very much, but they don't like to calculate them! Therefore you are given the sequence $ p $ , calculate the value of $ Q $ .

Input Format

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Output Format

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