[POI2007] GRZ-Ridges and Valleys

### 题目描述 **译自 POI 2007 Stage 2. Day 0「[Ridges and Valleys](https://szkopul.edu.pl/problemset/problem/rd6H05Dm8ME79sO3U9_f_ga_/site/?key=statement)」** 给定一个 $n \times n$ 的网格状地图，每个方格 $(i,j)$ 有一个高度 $w_{ij}$。如果两个方格有公共顶点，则它们是相邻的。 定义山峰和山谷如下： * 均由地图上的一个连通块组成； * 所有方格高度都相同； * 周围的方格（即不属于山峰或山谷但与山峰或山谷相邻的格子）高度均大于山谷的高度，或小于山峰的高度。 求地图内山峰和山谷的数量。特别地，如果整个地图方格的高度均相同，则整个地图既是一个山谷，也是一个山峰。 ### 输入格式 第一行一个整数 $n$ （$2 \le n \le 1000$），表示地图的大小。 接下来 $n$ 行每行 $n$ 个整数表示地图。第 $i$ 行有 $n$ 个整数 $w_{i1}, w_{i2}, \ldots, w_{in} (0 \le w_{ij} \le 1\ 000\ 000\ 000)$，表示地图第 $i$ 行格子的高度。 ### 输出格式 输出一行两个整数，分别表示山峰和山谷的数量。 ### 样例解释   翻译来自于 [LibreOJ](https://loj.ac/p/2653)。

Byteasar loves trekking in the hills. During the hikes he explores all the ridges and valleys in vicinity. Therefore, in order to plan the journey and know how long it will last, he must know the number of ridgesand valleys in the area he is going to visit. And you are to help Byteasar. Byteasar has provided you with a map of the area of his very next expedition. The map is in the shape ofa $n\times n$ square. For each field $(i,j)$ belonging to the square(for $i,j\in \{1,\cdots,n\}$), its height $w_{(i,j)}$ is given. We say two fields are adjacent if they have a common side or a common vertex (i.e. the field $(i,j)$ is adjacent to the fields $(i-1,j-1)$,$(i-1,j)$,$(i-1,j+1)$,$(i,j-1)$,$(i,j+1)$,$(i+1,j-1)$,$(i+1,j)$,$(i+1,j+1)$, provided that these fields are on the map). We say a set of fields $S$ forms a ridge (valley) if: all the fields in $S$ have the same height,the set $S$ forms a connected part of the map (i.e. from any field in $S$ it is possible to reach any other field in $S$ while moving only between adjacent fields and without leaving the set $S$),if $s\in S$ and the field $s'\notin S$ is adjacent to $s$, then $w_s>w_{s'}$(for a ridge) or $w_s<w_{s'}$ (for a valley). In particular, if all the fields on the map have the same height, they form both a ridge and a valley. Your task is to determine the number of ridges and valleys for the landscape described by the map. TaskWrite a programme that: reads from the standard input the description of the map, determines the number of ridges and valleys for the landscape described by this map, writes out the outcome to the standard output. 给定一张地势图，求山峰和山谷的数量

In the first line of the standard input there is one integer $n$ ($2\le n\le 1\ 000$)denoting the size of the map. Ineach of the following $n$ lines there is the description of the successive row of the map. In $(i+1)$'th line(for $i\in \{1,\cdots,n\}$) there are $n$ integers $w_{(i,1)},\cdots,w_{(i,n)}$($0\le w_i\le 1\ 000\ 000\ 000$), separated by single spaces. Thesedenote the heights of the successive fields of the $i$'th row of the map.

The first and only line of the standard output should contain two integers separated by a single space -thenumber of ridges followed by the number of valleys for the landscape described by the map.

5
8 8 8 7 7
7 7 8 8 7
7 7 7 7 7
7 8 8 7 8
7 8 8 8 8

2 1

5
5 7 8 3 1
5 5 7 6 6
6 6 6 2 8
5 7 2 5 8
7 1 0 1 7

3 3